美國聯邦政府關門了解

由於國會未能在截止日期前通過預算或臨時撥款案，美國聯邦政府自午夜起正式關門，數十萬名聯邦員工被迫停薪休假，眾多公共服務陷入停擺。

什麼是政府關門？

當國會未能就預算達成協議時，聯邦政府便失去合法的撥款來源，許多機構不得不停止或縮減運作。

• 必要服務（如國防、邊境安全、緊急醫療、社會保障金發放）將繼續運作。

• 非必要服務（如國家公園、例行簽證與移民處理、部分研究計畫及行政服務）則被迫暫停或延遲。

2025年政府關門的規模

• 約 90萬名聯邦員工被迫停薪休假。

• 另有 70萬名必要崗位員工需繼續工作，但可能暫時領不到薪水。

• 衛生部門首當其衝：美國疾病管制與預防中心（CDC）將裁減約 64% 員工；國立衛生研究院（NIH）也被迫縮減研究與運作。

• 航空運輸維持運作，但空管與安檢人員暫無薪酬，恐造成服務壓力。

• 海關與關稅徵收仍將繼續進行。

更廣泛的影響

政府關門不僅影響聯邦部門的運作，也對依賴公共服務的家庭、企業與地方社區帶來不確定性。經濟學家警告，若停擺時間過長，將拖慢經濟增長，並削弱民眾對政府治理能力的信心。

U.S. Federal Government Shuts Down As Funding Deadline Passes

Washington, D.C. — October 1, 2025
The United States federal government officially shut down at midnight September 30th after Congress failed to approve a budget or a temporary funding measure, triggering a halt to many public services and furloughs for hundreds of thousands of federal workers.

What a Shutdown Means

A government shutdown occurs when lawmakers cannot agree on a spending bill, leaving agencies without legal authority to operate fully. While essential services such as national defense, border protection, emergency medical care, and Social Security payments continue, many non-essential services are suspended. These include national parks, routine visa and immigration processing, public research initiatives, and various administrative functions.

Scale of the 2025 Shutdown
• 900,000 federal employees are being furloughed without pay.
• 700,000 essential employees are required to work but may not receive paychecks until Congress restores funding.
• Health agencies face severe disruption: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is furloughing about 64% of its staff, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is scaling back critical research and operations.
• Air travel remains functional but strained, with air traffic controllers and TSA officers working without immediate pay.
• Customs and tariff collections continue despite the shutdown.

Broader Impact

The shutdown not only disrupts government operations, but also creates uncertainty for families, businesses, and local communities that depend on federal services. Economists warn that if prolonged, the shutdown could slow growth and weaken public confidence in the government’s ability to function effectively.