美国联邦政府关门了解

由於国会未能在截止日期前通过预算或临时拨款案，美国联邦政府自午夜起正式关门，数十万名联邦员工被迫停薪休假，眾多公共服务陷入停摆。

什麼是政府关门？

当国会未能就预算达成协议时，联邦政府便失去合法的拨款来源，许多机构不得不停止或缩减运作。

• 必要服务（如国防、边境安全、紧急医疗、社会保障金发放）将继续运作。

• 非必要服务（如国家公园、例行签证与移民处理、部分研究计画及行政服务）则被迫暂停或延迟。

2025年政府关门的规模

• 约 90万名联邦员工被迫停薪休假。

• 另有 70万名必要岗位员工需继续工作，但可能暂时领不到薪水。

• 卫生部门首当其冲：美国疾病管制与预防中心（CDC）将裁减约 64% 员工；国立卫生研究院（NIH）也被迫缩减研究与运作。

• 航空运输维持运作，但空管与安检人员暂无薪酬，恐造成服务压力。

• 海关与关税徵收仍将继续进行。

更广泛的影响

政府关门不仅影响联邦部门的运作，也对依赖公共服务的家庭、企业与地方社区带来不确定性。经济学家警告，若停摆时间过长，将拖慢经济增长，并削弱民眾对政府治理能力的信心。

U.S. Federal Government Shuts Down As Funding Deadline Passes

Washington, D.C. — October 1, 2025
The United States federal government officially shut down at midnight September 30th after Congress failed to approve a budget or a temporary funding measure, triggering a halt to many public services and furloughs for hundreds of thousands of federal workers.

What a Shutdown Means

A government shutdown occurs when lawmakers cannot agree on a spending bill, leaving agencies without legal authority to operate fully. While essential services such as national defense, border protection, emergency medical care, and Social Security payments continue, many non-essential services are suspended. These include national parks, routine visa and immigration processing, public research initiatives, and various administrative functions.

Scale of the 2025 Shutdown
• 900,000 federal employees are being furloughed without pay.
• 700,000 essential employees are required to work but may not receive paychecks until Congress restores funding.
• Health agencies face severe disruption: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is furloughing about 64% of its staff, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is scaling back critical research and operations.
• Air travel remains functional but strained, with air traffic controllers and TSA officers working without immediate pay.
• Customs and tariff collections continue despite the shutdown.

Broader Impact

The shutdown not only disrupts government operations, but also creates uncertainty for families, businesses, and local communities that depend on federal services. Economists warn that if prolonged, the shutdown could slow growth and weaken public confidence in the government’s ability to function effectively.