美中脱鉤：川普政府对全球秩序的挑战

综合来看，川普政府在任内推动的一系列对中政策，实质上构成了一场前所未有的「脱鉤」运动，标誌着美中关係进入剧烈变动的阶段。这场脱鉤并非单一政策的结果，而是一连串贸易、科技、投资限制等行动所构成的系统性战略，其核心目标在於削弱美国与中国之间长期以来建立的紧密经贸联繫。

这些行动反映了美方对中国崛起的深层次疑虑，尤其是在科技与地缘政治影响力方面。川普政府认為，过去数十年中，美中关係在过度依赖经济合作的前提下，逐渐使美国陷入对中国製造与供应链的战略依赖。因此，透过关税战、限制中国企业投资与技术合作，以及对高科技產业进行「去风险化」措施，美国意图重新掌握全球產业链的主导权。

然而，这样的做法也被视為对全球化秩序的重大挑战。世界两大经济体的关係一旦全面冷却，势必将对全球供应链、投资流动以及多边贸易体系造成深远影响。尤其是对於仰赖两国市场的第三方国家与企业而言，如何在两强对抗之间维持平衡，成為一项难以迴避的挑战。

川普政府的这场「脱鉤」行动，不仅试图改变美中关係的结构性基础，更象徵着一场对冷战后国际秩序的重新调整。在这样的大背景下，全球将如何因应中美关係的剧烈转变，将成為未来国际政治与经济发展的关键课题。

The Trump Administration And The Radical Shift Toward U.S.-China Decoupling

Viewed in its entirety, the Trump administration’s China policy amounted to a radical push for U.S.-China “decoupling.” This was not merely a reaction to trade imbalances or a short-term political strategy—it was a systematic, strategic effort to restructure the foundational ties between the world’s two largest economies.

Through a series of aggressive actions—imposing tariffs, blacklisting Chinese tech firms, restricting investments, and curbing technology transfers—the United States sought to dismantle the deep commercial links that had been built over decades. These links were not only economic in nature, but also served as key pillars that sustained bilateral relations between the two countries ever since the late 20th century.

At the heart of the Trump administration’s approach was the belief that China’s rapid rise poses a strategic threat to U.S. dominance. In response, the administration aimed to reduce America’s dependency on Chinese manufacturing and supply chains, thereby reclaiming control over critical industries and enhancing national security.

However, this decoupling initiative has also unleashed waves of uncertainty and disruption across the globe. For multinational corporations, emerging markets, and the global trade system at large, the unraveling of U.S.-China interdependence marked a profound shift—one that challenges the very foundations of globalization.